Critical debate 31.1

Possible answer to: Before reading on, try to come up with a list of as many risk factors that you think make cities potentially more distressing places to live than rural areas.

• Some examples:
• Densely populated.
• Disorganised and crowded.
• Segregation.
• Poor quality physical environments.
• Housing type and quality.
• Low sense of belonging.
• Victimisation of crime and perceived threat.
• Powerlessness.
• Discrimination.
• Poverty and inequality.
• Lack of green space.
• Pollution.
• Anonymity and social isolation.
• Individualistic.
• Residential mobility.
• Low social capital.
• Lack of trust.