Chapter 11: The Psychology of Theft, Robbery, and Burglary
1. The term white collar crime was coined by whom?
- Sutherland
- Durham
- Sunderland
- Ponzi
2. White collar crime does not include
- Embezzlement
- Extortion
- Tax evasion
- Fraud
3. Ponzi proposed the Fraud Triangle in 1953
- True
- False
4. Fraud results in a loss estimated at roughly
- 2.2 million pounds/2.7 million Euros annually
- 3.5 billion pounds/4 billion Euros annually
- 5 billion pounds/5.5 billion Euros annually
- None of the above
5. White collar offenders may be classified by all except their violent criminal history
- True
- False
6. The Fraud Diamond proposed by Wolfe and Hermanson (2004) includes all the following factors which may precipitate fraud except
- Motivation
- Rationalisation
- Capability
- Impulsivity
7. Contempt is an underlying psychological reason for committing fraud
- True
- False
8. Psychopathy is currently being investigated for possible links to increased incidents of fraudulent behaviours
- True
- False
9. Personality traits associated with ‘fraudsters’ include all except
- Superficial charm
- Narcissism
- Lack of empathy
- Poor social skills
10. Rationalisations for fraud may include all except
- Victims were greedy too
- Corporations can afford it
- Fraud is a ‘victimless’ crime
- Lack of mens rea
11. Types of postal fraud include all except
- Phishing
- Spoofing
- Spamming
- Canvassing
12. In addition to financial loss brought on by fraud victims may experience all except the following as a direct consequence of fraud
- Embarrassment
- Loss of trust
- Suicidal thoughts
- Hallucinations
13. One reason it is difficult to detect fraud committed by employees of the organisation is that they are
- Mentally disordered
- Expected to be unethical
- Able to disguise criminal behaviour as legitimate business practice
14. A major motivation for fraud is
- Greed
- Laziness
- Anger
- Hurt pride
15. Fraud can be detected by
- Forensic science
- Forensic accounting *
- Forensic bookkeeping
- Forensic economics
