Stage of the research process

1. Theoretical foundations

Flick, U. (2015) “Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 at 20?: Developments, Trends, and Challenges for the Politics of Research,“ Qualitative Inquiry, 21, 7: 599-608.

In this article, a more recent balance of developments of the state and future of qualitative research is presented, also covering aspects such as the globalization and focusing on the societal relevance of qualitative research.

Convention Citation
APA Flick, U. (2015). Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 at 20? Developments, Trends, and Challenges for the Politics of Research. Qualitative Inquiry21(7), 599-608. doi: 10.1177/1077800415583296
Chicago Flick, Uwe. 2015. "Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 At 20? Developments, Trends, And Challenges For The Politics Of Research". Qualitative Inquiry 21 (7): 599-608. doi:10.1177/1077800415583296.
Harvard Flick, U. (2015). Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 at 20? Developments, Trends, and Challenges for the Politics of Research. Qualitative Inquiry, 21(7), pp.599-608.
MLA Flick, Uwe. "Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 At 20? Developments, Trends, And Challenges For The Politics Of Research". Qualitative Inquiry, vol 21, no. 7, 2015, pp. 599-608. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1077800415583296.

Flick, U., Garms-Homolová, V., Herrmann, W.J., Kuck, J. and Röhnsch, G. (2012b) “‘I Can’t Prescribe Something Just Because Someone Asks for It …’: Using Mixed Methods in the Framework of Triangulation,” Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 6(2): 97–110.

This article discusses the use of mixed methods in the context of a triangulation study as a way of strengthening the theoretical framework of mixed methods.

Convention Citation
APA Flick, U., Garms-Homolová, V., Herrmann, W., Kuck, J., & Röhnsch, G. (2012). “I Can’t Prescribe Something Just Because Someone Asks for It . . .”. Journal Of Mixed Methods Research6(2), 97-110. doi: 10.1177/1558689812437183
Chicago Flick, Uwe, Vjenka Garms-Homolová, Wolfram J. Herrmann, Joachim Kuck, and Gundula Röhnsch. 2012. "“I Can’t Prescribe Something Just Because Someone Asks For It . . .”". Journal Of Mixed Methods Research 6 (2): 97-110. doi:10.1177/1558689812437183.
Harvard Flick, U., Garms-Homolová, V., Herrmann, W., Kuck, J. and Röhnsch, G. (2012). “I Can’t Prescribe Something Just Because Someone Asks for It . . .”. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 6(2), pp.97-110.
MLA Flick, Uwe et al. "“I Can’t Prescribe Something Just Because Someone Asks For It . . .”". Journal Of Mixed Methods Research, vol 6, no. 2, 2012, pp. 97-110. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1558689812437183.

Flick, U. (2017) „Mantras and Myths: The Disenchantment of Mixed-Methods Research and Revisiting Triangulation as a Perspective,“ Qualitative Inquiry 23: 46–57.

This article tempers the excitement and expectations concerning mixed methods and illustrates why qualitative research still has its relevance in times of mixed methods.

Convention Citation
APA Flick, U. (2017). Mantras and Myths: The Disenchantment of Mixed-Methods Research and Revisiting Triangulation as a Perspective. Qualitative Inquiry23(1), 46-57. doi: 10.1177/1077800416655827
Chicago Flick, Uwe. 2017. "Mantras And Myths: The Disenchantment Of Mixed-Methods Research And Revisiting Triangulation As A Perspective". Qualitative Inquiry 23 (1): 46-57. doi:10.1177/1077800416655827.
Harvard Flick, U. (2017). Mantras and Myths: The Disenchantment of Mixed-Methods Research and Revisiting Triangulation as a Perspective. Qualitative Inquiry, 23(1), pp.46-57.
MLA Flick, Uwe. "Mantras And Myths: The Disenchantment Of Mixed-Methods Research And Revisiting Triangulation As A Perspective". Qualitative Inquiry, vol 23, no. 1, 2017, pp. 46-57. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1077800416655827.

Frost, N., Nolas, S. M., Brooks-Gordon, B., Esin C., Holt A. Mehdizadeh L., and Shinebourne, P. (2010) “Pluralism in Qualitative Research: The Impact of Different Researchers and Qualitative Approaches on the Analysis of Qualitative Data,” Qualitative Research, 10: 441–460.

This article outlines a multi-perspective comparative approach to qualitative research.

Convention Citation
APA Frost, N., Nolas, S., Brooks-Gordon, B., Esin, C., Holt, A., Mehdizadeh, L., & Shinebourne, P. (2010). Pluralism in Qualitative Research: the Impact of Different Researchers and Qualitative Approaches on the Analysis of Qualitative Data. Qualitative Research10(4), 441-460. doi: 10.1177/1468794110366802
Chicago Frost, Nollaig, Sevasti Melissa Nolas, Belinda Brooks-Gordon, Cigdem Esin, Amanda Holt, Leila Mehdizadeh, and Pnina Shinebourne. 2010. "Pluralism In Qualitative Research: The Impact Of Different Researchers And Qualitative Approaches On The Analysis Of Qualitative Data". Qualitative Research 10 (4): 441-460. doi:10.1177/1468794110366802.
Harvard Frost, N., Nolas, S., Brooks-Gordon, B., Esin, C., Holt, A., Mehdizadeh, L. and Shinebourne, P. (2010). Pluralism in Qualitative Research: the Impact of Different Researchers and Qualitative Approaches on the Analysis of Qualitative Data. Qualitative Research, 10(4), pp.441-460.
MLA Frost, Nollaig et al. "Pluralism In Qualitative Research: The Impact Of Different Researchers And Qualitative Approaches On The Analysis Of Qualitative Data". Qualitative Research, vol 10, no. 4, 2010, pp. 441-460. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1468794110366802.

Maxwell, J. and Chmiel, M. (2014a) “Notes Toward a Theory of Qualitative Data Analysis,” in U. Flick (ed.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. London: Sage. pp. 21–34.

This chapter outlines theoretical assumptions of qualitative data analysis, which give some orientation about how to conceive qualitative research in general from a critical realist perspective.

Convention Citation
APA Maxwell, J. & Chmiel, M. (2014). Notes toward a theory of qualitative data analysis. In Flick, U. The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis (pp. 21-34). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243
Chicago Maxwell, Joseph A. and Margaret Chmiel. "Notes Toward a Theory of Qualitative Data Analysis." In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, 21-34. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
Harvard Maxwell, J & Chmiel, M 2014, 'Notes toward a theory of qualitative data analysis', in The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis, SAGE Publications Ltd, London, pp. 21-34, [Accessed 29 June 2018], doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
MLA Maxwell, Joseph A. and Margaret Chmiel. "Notes Toward a Theory of Qualitative Data Analysis." The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. Flick, Uwe, editor London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014, pp. 21-34. SAGE Research Methods. Web. 29 Jun. 2018, doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.

Wernet, A. (2014) “Hermeneutics and Objective Hermeneutics,” in U. Flick (ed.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. London: Sage. pp. 234–246.

This chapter gives a concise overview of Objective Hermeneutics with several suggestions for how to do research with this method.

Convention Citation
APA Wernet, A. (2014). Hermeneutics and objective hermeneutics. In Flick, U. The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis (pp. 234-246). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243
Chicago Wernet, Andreas. "Hermeneutics and Objective Hermeneutics." In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, 234-246. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
Harvard Wernet, A 2014, 'Hermeneutics and objective hermeneutics', in The sage handbook of qualitative data analysis, SAGE Publications Ltd, London, pp. 234-246, [Accessed 29 June 2018], doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
MLA Wernet, Andreas. "Hermeneutics and Objective Hermeneutics." The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. Flick, Uwe, editor London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014, pp. 234-246. SAGE Research Methods. Web. 29 Jun. 2018, doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.

Flick, U. (1994) „Social Representations and the Social Construction of Everyday Knowledge. Theo­retical and Metho­do­logical Queries,“ Social Science Information, 2, 179-197.

Here the idea of social constructionism is turned into methodological issues and suggestions for how to use it when studying people’s everyday knowledge about a specific topic.

Convention Citation
APA Flick, U. (1994). Social Representations and the Social Construction of Everyday Knowledge. Theoretical and Methodological Queries. Social Science Information33(2), 179-197. doi: 10.1177/053901894033002003
Chicago Flick, Uwe. 1994. "Social Representations And The Social Construction Of Everyday Knowledge. Theoretical And Methodological Queries". Social Science Information 33 (2): 179-197. doi:10.1177/053901894033002003.
Harvard Flick, U. (1994). Social Representations and the Social Construction of Everyday Knowledge. Theoretical and Methodological Queries. Social Science Information, 33(2), pp.179-197.
MLA Flick, Uwe. "Social Representations And The Social Construction Of Everyday Knowledge. Theoretical And Methodological Queries". Social Science Information, vol 33, no. 2, 1994, pp. 179-197. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/053901894033002003.

2. Research question

Sandberg, J.  and Alvesson, M. (2010) „Ways of constructing research questions: gap-spotting or problematization?,“ Organization, 18(1): 23–44.

This article is based on an empirical study about how research questions in the research practice in organization studies are formulated, where such questions come from and which aims are driving the selection and formulation of research questions. It also addresses the role of the existing literature in this context. This can give advice for developing one’s own research question.

Convention Citation
APA Sandberg, J., & Alvesson, M. (2010). Ways of constructing research questions: gap-spotting or problematization?. Organization, 18(1), 23-44. doi: 10.1177/1350508410372151
MLA Sandberg, Jörgen, and Mats Alvesson. "Ways Of Constructing Research Questions: Gap-Spotting Or Problematization?". Organization, vol 18, no. 1, 2010, pp. 23-44. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1350508410372151.
Harvard Sandberg, J. and Alvesson, M. (2010). Ways of constructing research questions: gap-spotting or problematization?. Organization, 18(1), pp.23-44.
Chicago Sandberg, Jörgen, and Mats Alvesson. 2010. "Ways Of Constructing Research Questions: Gap-Spotting Or Problematization?". Organization 18 (1): 23-44. doi:10.1177/1350508410372151.

3. Research design

Shaw, I. Ramatowski, A. and Ruckdeschel, R. (2013) “Patterns, Designs and Developments in Qualitative Research in Social Work: A Research Note,” Qualitative Social Work, 12(6): 732–749.

This article addresses the issue of research design for the area of qualitative social work research.

Convention Citation
APA Shaw, I., Ramatowski, A., & Ruckdeschel, R. (2013). Patterns, Designs and Developments in Qualitative Research in Social Work: A Research Note. Qualitative Social Work12(6), 732-749. doi: 10.1177/1473325013488161
Chicago Shaw, Ian, Ann Ramatowski, and Roy Ruckdeschel. 2013. "Patterns, Designs And Developments In Qualitative Research In Social Work: A Research Note". Qualitative Social Work 12 (6): 732-749. doi:10.1177/1473325013488161.
Harvard Shaw, I., Ramatowski, A. and Ruckdeschel, R. (2013). Patterns, Designs and Developments in Qualitative Research in Social Work: A Research Note. Qualitative Social Work, 12(6), pp.732-749.
MLA Shaw, Ian et al. "Patterns, Designs And Developments In Qualitative Research In Social Work: A Research Note". Qualitative Social Work, vol 12, no. 6, 2013, pp. 732-749. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1473325013488161.

4. Ethics

Sörensson, E. and Kalman H. (2017) „Care and Concern in the Research Process: Meeting Ethical and Epistemological Challenges through Multiple Engagements and Dialogue with Research Subjects,” Qualitative Research, doi.org/10.1177/1468794117743466

This article describes the qualitative research process from an ethical and epistemological point of view.

Convention Citation
APA Sörensson, E., & Kalman, H. (2017). Care and Concern in the Research Process: Meeting Ethical and Epistemological Challenges through Multiple Engagements and Dialogue with Research Subjects. Qualitative Research, 146879411774346. doi: 10.1177/1468794117743466
Chicago Sörensson, Erika, and Hildur Kalman. 2017. "Care And Concern In The Research Process: Meeting Ethical And Epistemological Challenges Through Multiple Engagements And Dialogue With Research Subjects". Qualitative Research, 146879411774346. doi:10.1177/1468794117743466.
Harvard Sörensson, E. and Kalman, H. (2017). Care and Concern in the Research Process: Meeting Ethical and Epistemological Challenges through Multiple Engagements and Dialogue with Research Subjects. Qualitative Research, p.146879411774346.
MLA Sörensson, Erika, and Hildur Kalman. "Care And Concern In The Research Process: Meeting Ethical And Epistemological Challenges Through Multiple Engagements And Dialogue With Research Subjects". Qualitative Research, 2017, p. 146879411774346. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1468794117743466.

Taylor, S. (2012) “‘One Participant Said …’: The Implications of Quotations from Biographical Talk,” Qualitative Research, 12: 388–401.

In this article ethical and methodological issues of the work with participants’ statements in publications are discussed in detail.

Convention Citation
APA Taylor, S. (2012). ‘One participant said …’: the Implications of Quotations from Biographical Talk. Qualitative Research12(4), 388-401. doi: 10.1177/1468794111433086
Chicago Taylor, Stephanie. 2012. "‘One Participant Said …’: The Implications Of Quotations From Biographical Talk". Qualitative Research 12 (4): 388-401. doi:10.1177/1468794111433086.
Harvard Taylor, S. (2012). ‘One participant said …’: the Implications of Quotations from Biographical Talk. Qualitative Research, 12(4), pp.388-401.
MLA Taylor, Stephanie. "‘One Participant Said …’: The Implications Of Quotations From Biographical Talk". Qualitative Research, vol 12, no. 4, 2012, pp. 388-401. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1468794111433086.

Flick, U. (2015) “Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 at 20?: Developments, Trends, and Challenges for the Politics of Research,“ Qualitative Inquiry, 21, 7: 599-608.

In this article, a more recent balance of developments of the state and future of qualitative research is presented, also covering aspects such as the globalization and focusing on the societal relevance of qualitative research.

Convention Citation
APA Flick, U. (2015). Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 at 20? Developments, Trends, and Challenges for the Politics of Research. Qualitative Inquiry21(7), 599-608. doi: 10.1177/1077800415583296
Chicago Flick, Uwe. 2015. "Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 At 20? Developments, Trends, And Challenges For The Politics Of Research". Qualitative Inquiry 21 (7): 599-608. doi:10.1177/1077800415583296.
Harvard Flick, U. (2015). Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 at 20? Developments, Trends, and Challenges for the Politics of Research. Qualitative Inquiry, 21(7), pp.599-608.
MLA Flick, Uwe. "Qualitative Inquiry—2.0 At 20? Developments, Trends, And Challenges For The Politics Of Research". Qualitative Inquiry, vol 21, no. 7, 2015, pp. 599-608. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1077800415583296.

Tracy, S. (2010) „Qualitative Quality: Eight Big-tent’-Criteria for Excellent Qualitative Research,“ Qualitative Inquiry, 16, 837-851.

This article presents a widely discussed suggestion for general criteria specific for qualitative research.

Convention Citation
APA Tracy, S. (2010). Qualitative Quality: Eight “Big-Tent” Criteria for Excellent Qualitative Research. Qualitative Inquiry16(10), 837-851. doi: 10.1177/1077800410383121
Chicago Tracy, Sarah J. 2010. "Qualitative Quality: Eight “Big-Tent” Criteria For Excellent Qualitative Research". Qualitative Inquiry 16 (10): 837-851. doi:10.1177/1077800410383121.
Harvard Tracy, S. (2010). Qualitative Quality: Eight “Big-Tent” Criteria for Excellent Qualitative Research. Qualitative Inquiry, 16(10), pp.837-851.
MLA Tracy, Sarah J. "Qualitative Quality: Eight “Big-Tent” Criteria For Excellent Qualitative Research". Qualitative Inquiry, vol 16, no. 10, 2010, pp. 837-851. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1077800410383121.

5. Literature review

Tummers L. and Karsten, N. (2011) „Reflecting on the Role of Literature in Qualitative Public Administration Research: Learning From Grounded Theory,“ Administration & Society44(1): 64–86.

This article discusses the relevance of literature reviews in qualitative research and in particular for grounded theory research.

Convention Citation
APA Tummers, L., & Karsten, N. (2011). Reflecting on the Role of Literature in Qualitative Public Administration Research. Administration & Society, 44(1), 64-86. doi: 10.1177/0095399711414121
MLA Tummers, Lars, and Niels Karsten. "Reflecting On The Role Of Literature In Qualitative Public Administration Research". Administration & Society, vol 44, no. 1, 2011, pp. 64-86. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/0095399711414121.
Harvard Tummers, L. and Karsten, N. (2011). Reflecting on the Role of Literature in Qualitative Public Administration Research. Administration & Society, 44(1), pp.64-86.
Chicago Tummers, Lars, and Niels Karsten. 2011. "Reflecting On The Role Of Literature In Qualitative Public Administration Research". Administration & Society 44 (1): 64-86. doi:10.1177/0095399711414121.

6. Sampling

Kristensen, G. K., Ravn, M. N. (2015) “The voices heard and the voices silenced: Recruitment processes in qualitative interview studies,” Qualitative Research, 15, 722-737

This article describes sampling participants and its results for interview studies also with a focus on who was left out.

Convention Citation
APA Rapley, T. (2014). Sampling strategies in qualitative research. In Flick, U. The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis (pp. 49-63). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243
Chicago Rapley, Tim. "Sampling Strategies in Qualitative Research." In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, 49-63. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
Harvard Rapley, T 2014, 'Sampling strategies in qualitative research', in The sage handbook of qualitative data analysis, SAGE Publications Ltd, London, pp. 49-63, [Accessed 28 June 2018], doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
MLA Rapley, Tim. "Sampling Strategies in Qualitative Research." The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. Flick, Uwe, editor London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014, pp. 49-63. SAGE Research Methods. Web. 28 Jun. 2018, doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.

Rapley, T. (2014) “Sampling Strategies,” in U. Flick (ed.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. London: Sage. pp. 49–63.

This chapter has a focus on sampling in the light of data analysis.

Convention Citation
APA Rapley, T. (2014). Sampling strategies in qualitative research. In Flick, U. The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis (pp. 49-63). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243
Chicago Rapley, Tim. "Sampling Strategies in Qualitative Research." In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, 49-63. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
Harvard Rapley, T 2014, 'Sampling strategies in qualitative research', in The sage handbook of qualitative data analysis, SAGE Publications Ltd, London, pp. 49-63, [Accessed 28 June 2018], doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
MLA Rapley, Tim. "Sampling Strategies in Qualitative Research." The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. Flick, Uwe, editor London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014, pp. 49-63. SAGE Research Methods. Web. 28 Jun. 2018, doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.

7. Data collection

Bogner, A., Littig, B. and Menz, W. (2018) “Collecting Data with Experts and Elites,” in U. Flick (ed.) The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Collection. London: SAGE. pp. 652-67.

This chapter presents a focused introduction to doing expert and elite interviews.

Convention Citation
APA Bogner, A., Littig, B. & Menz, W. (2018). Generating qualitative data with experts and elites. In Flick, U. The sage handbook of qualitative data collection (pp. 652-665). 55 City Road, London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/9781526416070
Chicago Bogner, Alexander, Beate Littig and Wolfgang Menz. "Generating Qualitative Data with Experts and Elites." In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Collection, 652-665. 55 City Road, London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2018. doi: 10.4135/9781526416070.
Harvard Bogner, A, Littig, B & Menz, W 2018, 'Generating qualitative data with experts and elites', in The sage handbook of qualitative data collection, SAGE Publications Ltd, 55 City Road, London, pp. 652-665, [Accessed 29 June 2018], doi: 10.4135/9781526416070.
MLA Bogner, Alexander, et al. "Generating Qualitative Data with Experts and Elites." The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Collection. Flick, Uwe 55 City Road: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2018, pp. 652-665. SAGE Research Methods. Web. 29 Jun. 2018, doi: 10.4135/9781526416070.

O’Connor, H. and Madge, C. (2017) “Online Interviewing”, in N.G., Fielding, R. Lee, and G. Blank, (eds.) (2016) The SAGE Handbook of Online Research Methods (2nd edn.). London: Sage. pp. 416-434.

This chapter summarizes the method concisely including some practical advice.

Convention Citation
APA O'Connor, H., Madge, C., Shaw, R. & Wellens, J. (2008). Internet-based interviewing. In Fielding, N., Lee, R. M., & Blank, G. The SAGE handbook of online research methods (pp. 271-289). : SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/9780857020055
Chicago O'Connor, Henrietta, Clare Madge, Robert Shaw and Jane Wellens. "Internet-based Interviewing." In The SAGE Handbook of Online Research Methods, 271-289. : SAGE Publications, Ltd, 2008. doi: 10.4135/9780857020055.
Harvard O'Connor, H, Madge, C, Shaw, R & Wellens, J 2008, 'Internet-based interviewing', in The sage handbook of online research methods, SAGE Publications, Ltd, , pp. 271-289, [Accessed 29 June 2018], doi: 10.4135/9780857020055.
MLA O'Connor, Henrietta, et al. "Internet-based Interviewing." The SAGE Handbook of Online Research Methods. Fielding, Nigel, editor, et al. : SAGE Publications, Ltd, 2008, pp. 271-289. SAGE Research Methods. Web. 29 Jun. 2018, doi: 10.4135/9780857020055.

Bondy C. (2013) “How did I get here? The social process of accessing field sites,” Qualitative Research, 13: 578–590.

This article describes the process of access to field sites and gives some practical advice.

Convention Citation
APA Bondy, C. (2013). How did I get here? The social process of accessing field sites. Qualitative Research13(5), 578-590. doi: 10.1177/1468794112442524
Chicago Bondy, Christopher. 2013. "How Did I Get Here? The Social Process Of Accessing Field Sites". Qualitative Research 13 (5): 578-590. doi:10.1177/1468794112442524.
Harvard Bondy, C. (2013). How did I get here? The social process of accessing field sites. Qualitative Research, 13(5), pp.578-590.
MLA Bondy, Christopher. "How Did I Get Here? The Social Process Of Accessing Field Sites". Qualitative Research, vol 13, no. 5, 2013, pp. 578-590. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1468794112442524.

Wilson, E., Kenny, A. and Dickson-Swift, V. (2015) „Using Blogs as a Qualitative Health Research Tool: A Scoping Review,“ International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 14(5) DOI10.1177/1609406915618049

This  article gives an overview of the research done with blogs and of how it is done.

Convention Citation
APA Wilson, E., Kenny, A., & Dickson-Swift, V. (2015). Using Blogs as a Qualitative Health Research Tool: A Scoping Review. International Journal Of Qualitative Methods14(5), 160940691561804. doi: 10.1177/1609406915618049
Chicago Wilson, Elena, Amanda Kenny, and Virginia Dickson-Swift. 2015. "Using Blogs As A Qualitative Health Research Tool: A Scoping Review". International Journal Of Qualitative Methods 14 (5): 160940691561804. doi:10.1177/1609406915618049.
Harvard Wilson, E., Kenny, A. and Dickson-Swift, V. (2015). Using Blogs as a Qualitative Health Research Tool: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 14(5), 
MLA Wilson, Elena et al. "Using Blogs As A Qualitative Health Research Tool: A Scoping Review". International Journal Of Qualitative Methods, vol 14, no. 5, 2015, p. 160940691561804. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1609406915618049.

8. Data transcription

Bucholtz, M. (2007) “Variation in transcription,” Discourse Studies, 9: 784-808.

This article discusses versions of transcribing for practical problems and benefits.

Convention Citation
APA Bucholtz, M. (2007). Variation in transcription. Discourse Studies9(6), 784-808. doi: 10.1177/1461445607082580
Chicago Bucholtz, Mary. 2007. "Variation In Transcription". Discourse Studies 9 (6): 784-808. doi:10.1177/1461445607082580.
Harvard Bucholtz, M. (2007). Variation in transcription. Discourse Studies, 9(6), pp.784-808.
MLA Bucholtz, Mary. "Variation In Transcription". Discourse Studies, vol 9, no. 6, 2007, pp. 784-808. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1461445607082580.

9. Data analysis

Halkier, B. (2010) “Focus Groups as Social Enactments: Integrating Interaction and Content in the Analysis of Focus Group Data,” Qualitative Research, 10(1): 71–89.

Ideas for analyzing focus groups with an emphasis on the interaction in the group are presented here as a practical orientation.

Convention Citation
APA Halkier, B. (2010). Focus groups as social enactments: integrating interaction and content in the analysis of focus group data. Qualitative Research10(1), 71-89. doi: 10.1177/1468794109348683
Chicago Halkier, Bente. 2010. "Focus Groups As Social Enactments: Integrating Interaction And Content In The Analysis Of Focus Group Data". Qualitative Research 10 (1): 71-89. doi:10.1177/1468794109348683.
Harvard Halkier, B. (2010). Focus groups as social enactments: integrating interaction and content in the analysis of focus group data. Qualitative Research, 10(1), pp.71-89.
MLA Halkier, Bente. "Focus Groups As Social Enactments: Integrating Interaction And Content In The Analysis Of Focus Group Data". Qualitative Research, vol 10, no. 1, 2010, pp. 71-89. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1468794109348683.

Coffey, A. (2014) “Analyzing Documents,” in U. Flick (ed.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. London: Sage. pp. 367–379.

This chapter gives an overview of analyzing documents.

Convention Citation
APA Coffey, A. (2014). Analysing documents. In Flick, U. The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis (pp. 367-379). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243
Chicago Coffey, Amanda. "Analysing Documents." In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, 367-379. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
Harvard Coffey, A 2014, 'Analysing documents', in The sage handbook of qualitative data analysis, SAGE Publications Ltd, London, pp. 367-379, [Accessed 29 June 2018], doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
MLA Coffey, Amanda. "Analysing Documents." The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. Flick, Uwe, editor London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014, pp. 367-379. SAGE Research Methods. Web. 29 Jun. 2018, doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.

Marotzki, W., Holze, J. and Verständig, D. (2014) “Analyzing Virtual Data,” in U. Flick (ed.), The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. London: Sage. pp. 450–463.

This chapter is devoted to how to work with digital data.

Convention Citation
APA Marotzki, W., Holze, J. & Verständig, D. (2014). Analysing virtual data. In Flick, U. The SAGE handbook of qualitative data analysis (pp. 450-464). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243
Chicago Marotzki, Winfried, Jens Holze and Dan Verständig. "Analysing Virtual Data." In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, 450-464. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
Harvard Marotzki, W, Holze, J & Verständig, D 2014, 'Analysing virtual data', in The sage handbook of qualitative data analysis, SAGE Publications Ltd, London, pp. 450-464, [Accessed 29 June 2018], doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
MLA Marotzki, Winfried, et al. "Analysing Virtual Data." The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. Flick, Uwe, editor London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014, pp. 450-464. SAGE Research Methods. Web. 29 Jun. 2018, doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.

Flick, U. (2014b) “Mapping the Field”, in U. Flick (ed.) The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. London: Sage. pp. 3–18.

This chapter gives you a comparative overview of analytic methods in qualitative research by presenting methods in more detail.

Convention Citation
APA Flick, U. (2014). Mapping the field. In Flick, U. The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis (pp. 3-18). London: SAGE Publications Ltd. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243
Chicago Flick, Uwe. "Mapping the Field." In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis, 3-18. London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014. doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
Harvard Flick, U 2014, 'Mapping the field', in The sage handbook of qualitative data analysis, SAGE Publications Ltd, London, pp. 3-18, [Accessed 29 June 2018], doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.
MLA Flick, Uwe. "Mapping the Field." The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. Flick, Uwe, editor London: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2014, pp. 3-18. SAGE Research Methods. Web. 29 Jun. 2018, doi: 10.4135/9781446282243.

10. Writing up research

Sandelowski, M. and Leeman, J. (2012) “Writing Usable Qualitative Health Research Findings,” Qualitative Health Research, 10: 1404–1413.

These authors give advice of how to make qualitative research findings relevant beginning with the style of writing when presenting them.

Convention Citation
APA Sandelowski, M., & Leeman, J. (2012). Writing Usable Qualitative Health Research Findings. Qualitative Health Research22(10), 1404-1413. doi: 10.1177/1049732312450368
Chicago Sandelowski, Margarete, and Jennifer Leeman. 2012. "Writing Usable Qualitative Health Research Findings". Qualitative Health Research 22 (10): 1404-1413. doi:10.1177/1049732312450368.
Harvard Sandelowski, M. and Leeman, J. (2012). Writing Usable Qualitative Health Research Findings. Qualitative Health Research, 22(10), pp.1404-1413.
MLA Sandelowski, Margarete, and Jennifer Leeman. "Writing Usable Qualitative Health Research Findings". Qualitative Health Research, vol 22, no. 10, 2012, pp. 1404-1413. SAGE Publications, doi:10.1177/1049732312450368.