This chapter presents case studies of innovative research design, uses of new types of data, data combinations and analysis, and the opportunities and challenges they pose for social science research. The focus is on methods and approaches for analysing and combining data. New data types and analytical approaches open up new opportunities to research previously intractable social problems from different perspectives and in more detail than ever before. However, there are still limits to what we know; there are still gaps in the evidence base and there will still be a need for purpose-specific research.