Chapter 28: Care of children and young people with fluid and electrolyte imbalance

1. Fluid is routinely lost from the body through …

  1. Passing urine, vomiting and crying
  2. Sleeping, sweating and running
  3. Breathing, talking and laughing
  4. Passing urine, sweating and breathing

Answer: D

2. Which of the following is NOT an electrolyte?

  1. Sodium
  2. Iron
  3. Calcium
  4. Potassium

Answer: B

3. Which of the following is a red flag symptom of clinical dehydration?

  1. Decreased urine output
  2. Mottled skin
  3. Cold extremities
  4. Altered responsiveness/irritability

Answer: D

4. Where there are no signs of clinical dehydration, the NICE guidelines for Diarrhoea and Vomiting Caused by Gastroenteritis in Under 5’s: Diagnosis and Management (2009) recommend …

  1. Offering oral rehydration salts solution as supplemental fluid
  2. Withholding milk feeds
  3. Rehydrating with fruit juice and carbonated drinks
  4. Intravenous fluid therapy

Answer: A

5. Hypernatremia is the medical term for a …

  1. Low sodium level
  2. Low potassium level
  3. High sodium level
  4. High potassium level

Answer: C