Chapter 30: Assisting patients with their nutritional needs

Activity 30.1: Patients at risk from malnutrition

  • Elderly
  • Children/babies
  • Obese patients
  • Underlying disease or trauma
  • Pregnant women

Activity 30.2: Obesity

List all the health issues that can be caused by obesity.

  • Cardiac issues
  • Stroke
  • Joint pain and disease / immobility
  • Depression
  • Diabetes
  • Some cancers: breast and bowel

What help is available in your local community and acute hospital settings to help people eat more sensibly and be aware of the risks?

  • GP
  • Nurse led clinics
  • Clubs i.e. WW slimming world
  • Dietician

Activity 30.3: The 'food plate'

To eat more of certain food groups than others.

Thinking about what you ate yesterday, is your diet balanced?

https://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/Goodfood/Pages/the-eatwell-guide.aspx

This link has an interactive guide on the subject.

Activity 30.4: Groups with communication difficulties

  • Dementia
  • Learning difficulties
  • Hearing or sight loss
  • Young Children
  • Patients with aphasia

Activity 30.7: Food Culture and Religion

 

Islam (Halal)

  • Meats should be slaughtered under Halal guidance
  • No pork 
  • No alcohol
  • No vanilla extract for strict observers
  • Fasting in Ramadan

Judaism (Kosher)

  • No pork or shellfish
  • Meat should be slaughtered under Kosher guidance

Hinduism

  • May follow a  lactovegetarian diet  – no meat, poultry or fish, no eggs, but milk products are allowed and encouraged.
  • No beef
  • Brahmins may have restrictions on who prepares their food and how it is stored.
  • Have fasting days and periods in the calendar, with restrictions such as eating only plant foods.

Buddhism

  • No set food restrictions in Buddhism.
  • Some may follow a lacto-vegetarian diet
  • Buddhist monks have additional restrictions such as fasting and not eating solid foods after noon.

Christianity

Catholicism

  • Devout Catholics fast on holy days and periods.

Eastern orthodox

  • May fast and also avoid certain foods at certain times.

Seventh-Day Adventist

  • Lacto-ovo-vegetarian – No meat, poultry and fish but eat eggs and milk products.
  • No alcohol

Mormonism

  • No alcohol and caffeine (in coffee, tea, chocolate etc.)

Jainism

  • No meat, poultry, fish, or eggs, and sometimes milk
  • They may avoid eating root vegetables
  • Fasting for women

Rastafarianism

  • Rastafarians eat food that is cooked lightly
  • No meats or canned goods
  • Some restrictions on seafood