Click on the following links. Please note these will open in a new window.

This video gives an example of how a study of identical twins uses correlation to test the influence of nature versus nurture.

This website elaborates on the use and misuse of correlation coefficients.

This website offers scatter plot depictions of correlation and examples of when one would need to use this formula.

This website provides bivariate correlation comparisons as well as a Fisher’s Z-transformation in a study about how two criterion variables, loneliness and depression, and two predictors, family social support and stress, correlate.

This website explains and gives the advantages of using the Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient.