1. Define public policy as it is introduced in this chapter. Operating within this definition, please define the levels of policy identified as policy choices, policy outputs, and policy impacts.

2. Given the number of usages of the word policy, identify whether this chapter centers its discussion of policy on the effects of government choices on the lives of individuals within society or on the intent of the individuals who formulate policy.

3. Identify the instruments of instruments of public policy.  How does the choice of a policy instrument affect the ability of government to have the desired policy outcome?

4. What main influences in the U.S. effect the environment of public policymaking process?  Describe the various limitations placed on government policymaking by the environment in which policymakers must operate.

5. Does the U.S. lag behind other industrialized nations in its policy interventions in the lives of its citizens?  Explore how the policy tools used and the policymaking environment which exists in the U.S. either enhance or constrain the ability of government to impact the lives of citizens.