1. The three important aspects of attitude are ______.

1. content, structure, function
2. salience, strength, significance
3. substance, impact, implication
4. none of these

2. The Multicomponent Model of Attitudes suggests that ______.

1. components of attitudes are formed depending on the strength of the attitude object
2. attitudes are one of the base components that formulate cognition
3. attitudes are made up of intrinsic and extrinsic components
4. attitudes are summary evaluations of an object that are derived from cognitive, affective, and behavioral information

3. Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?

1. People differ in the degree to which their attitudes are based on affective or cognitive components.
2. When individuals possess positive beliefs about an attitude object, they typically have positive affective and behavioral associations with the object.
3. The affective component refers to beliefs, thoughts, and attributes associated with an attitude object.
4. The behavioral component refers to past behaviors with respect to an attitude object.

4. Attitudinal ambivalence arises when a person’s attitude consist of ______.

1. few positive and many negative elements
2. few negative and many positive elements
3. few positive and few negative elements
4. many positive and many negative elements

5. Which one of the following statements is NOT correct?

1. Ambivalent attitudes are more likely to predict behavior than non-ambivalent attitudes
2. Ambivalent and non-ambivalent attitudes influence how people process issue-relevant information
3. Ambivalent attitudes tend to cause greater scrutiny of information that can help to resolve the ambivalence.
4. Ambivalent and non-ambivalent attitudes predict behavior.

6. Which of the following statements is true?

1. Measures of potential and felt ambivalence correlate very highly.
2. Felt ambivalence is the actual feeling of ease that people experience when they consciously think about the attitude object.
3. Potential ambivalence is a state of conflict that exists when people simultaneously possess positive and negative evaluations of an attitudinal object.
4. all of these

7. According to Smith et al. (1956), what is a function served by attitudes?

1. object-appraisal
2. social-adjustment
3. externalization
4. all of these

8. What is the Attitudes Functions Inventory?

1. a comprehensive list of the attitude functions of world leaders since 1960
2. a self-report measure asking participants to rate the extent to which their attitude fulfills different functions
3. a listing that places attitude objects into categories based on whether they serve a utilitarian function or an ego-defensive one
4. an attitude function measure developed by Smith et al. (1956)

9. According to the study by Snyder and DeBono (1985, Study 3), which statement below is correct?

1. Low self-monitors are more persuaded by an image appeal than by a quality appeal.
2. High self-monitors are more persuaded by a quality appeal than by an image appeal.
3. Individual differences in attitude function influence how people respond to different types of persuasive appeals.
4. It is not important to know the needs fulfilled by a person’s attitude.

10. Which of the following statements on attitude strength is NOT true?

1. Strong attitudes are more persistent.
2. Strong attitudes are more resistant to change.
3. Strong attitudes are less likely to influence information processing.
4. Strong attitudes are more likely to guide behavior.

11. The need for affect refers to ______

1. the tendency to ruminate over past mistakes
2. the tendency to seek out and enjoy emotional experiences
3. the desire to form attitudes serving a value-expressive and utilitarian function
4. a proclivity toward forming emotional attitudes

12. When a persuasive message has the potential to reduce attitude ambivalence, message recipients who are highly ambivalent toward the topic are more likely to ______

1. process the message emotionally
2. exhibit low involvement in the topic
3. think carefully about the message arguments
4. form ego-defensive attitudes about the topic