1. What is defined to be a regular and excessive use of a substance in spite of dangers?

1. Use
2. Abuse
3. Addiction
4. Dependence
5. Tolerance

2. What is defined to be a condition in which a person develops intense cravings for the substance and the inability to control their behaviors in regards to obtaining and using it?

1. Use
2. Abuse
3. Addiction
4. Dependence
5. Tolerance

3. What is characterized by preoccupation with the substance and a loss of control pertaining to obtaining and using it?

1. Use
2. Abuse
3. Dependence
4. Withdrawal
5. Tolerance

4. What disease arises due to the effects of chronic alcohol abuse and the damage that this causes to neurons and glia?

1. Korsakoff’s syndrome
2. Cirrhosis of the liver
3. Parkinson’s disease
4. Multiple sclerosis
5. Spinocerebellar ataxia

5. Which of these statements is true regarding the differences in alcohol consumption and abuse between men and women?

1. Females tend to use more alcohol than males; males tend to be more biologically vulnerable to alcohol addiction than females
2. Females tend to use more alcohol than males; females tend to be more biologically vulnerable to alcohol addiction than males
3. Males tend to use more alcohol than females; females tend to be more biologically vulnerable to alcohol addiction than males
4. Males tend to use more alcohol than females; females tend to be more biologically vulnerable to alcohol addiction than males
5. There are no gender differences in alcohol use

6. Which of these treatments has been found to be most effective in treating addiction?

1. Rehab and 12 step programs
2. Cognitive behavioral therapy and transtheoretical model of behavioral change
3. Mindfulness and meditation
4. Drug therapies that reduce euphoric effects of the drug and diminish craving
5. These therapies are most effective when used in combination

7. Which hypothesis reflects the idea that experiences of traumatic events and substance abuse may be part of a broad tendency among some individuals to engage in high-risk behaviors?

1. High trauma hypothesis
2. High risk hypothesis
3. Gateway hypothesis
4. Resilience hypothesis
5. Susceptibility hypothesis

8. Which hypothesis reflects the idea that individuals who abuse alcohol and other drugs might also be more disposed to encounter trauma, and when they do, their poor coping abilities will favor the development of psychopathological conditions

1. High trauma hypothesis
2. High risk hypothesis
3. Gateway hypothesis
4. Resilience hypothesis
5. Susceptibility hypothesis

9. Which of these hypotheses reflects the idea that certain behaviors, such as using soft drugs, favor the later graduation to illicit and more addictive agents?

1. High trauma hypothesis
2. High risk hypothesis
3. Gateway hypothesis
4. Resilience hypothesis
5. Susceptibility hypothesis

10. What does the common liability to addiction hypothesis postulate?

1. Addiction is attributed to underlying biological processes
2. Addiction is attributed to social class and family life
3. Addiction is attributed to previous use of softer drugs
4. Addiction is attributed to a predisposition to risk taking behavior
5. Addiction is attributed to previous traumas and poor coping