Access to full-text SAGE journal articles that have been carefully selected to support and expand on the concepts presented in each chapter. Journal articles can act as an ideal resource to help support your assignments and studies.

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Journal Article 4.1: Hox, J. J., de Leeuw, D., & Chang, H. (2012). Nonresponse versus measurement error: Are reluctant respondents worth pursing? Bulletin of Sociological Methodology, 113(1), 5-19.

Questions that apply to this article:

1. What is measurement error?
2. Discuss sample composition bias and provide an example.
3. The common cause model states that there is indeed a relationship between reluctance to respond and data quality. Two different mechanisms can be posed for this common cause relationship between response propensity and measurement error. What are these two mechanisms?
4. Discuss the recent trend in survey participation.

Journal Article 4.2: Hogan, T. P., & Agnello, J. (2004). An empirical study of reporting practices concerning measurement validity. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64(5), 802-812.

Questions that apply to this article:

1. Discuss validity and its role in testing and measurements.
2. What are types of validity evidence?
3. Discuss journal editorial policies and their influence on reporting validity.
4. Describe the findings of this article. Which one is reported more frequently—validity or reliability?

Journal Article 4.3: Carlson, K. D., & Herdman, A. O. (2012). Understanding the impact of convergent validity on research results. Organizational Research Methods, 15(1), 17-32.

Questions that apply to this article:

1. Define convergent validity.
2. Define proxies.
3. Discuss the use of proxies in research design.
4. Describe convergent validity’s impact on research findings.