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Journal Article 5.1. Miller, J. M., Wolfson, J., Laska, M. N., Nelson, T. F., & Pereira, M. A. (2018). The Minne-Loppet Motivation Study: An Intervention to Increase Motivation for Outdoor Winter Physical Activity in Ethnically and Racially Diverse Elementary Schools. American Journal of Health Promotion, 32(8), 1706–1713. DOI: 10.1177/0890117118768119.

Learning Objectives: Distinguish between internal and external validity of research designs; Identify threats to internal validity and apply strategies to address them; Identify threats to external validity and apply strategies to address them.

Summary: Employs a nonequivalent pretest–posttest control group design, and assesses internal and external validity threats.

Journal Article 5.2. Schlaff, R. A., Baruth, M., Adams, V. J., Goldufsky, T. M., Peters, N. A., Kerr, G., … Ewald, A. (2018). Effects of a Group-Based Behavioral Intervention on Dietary Behaviors in Older Adults. Journal of Aging and Health, 30(1), 105–117. DOI: 10.1177/0898264316668936.

Learning Objectives: Distinguish between internal and external validity of research designs; Identify threats to internal validity and apply strategies to address them; Identify threats to external validity and apply strategies to address them.

Summary: Employs a randomized controlled trial and assesses internal and external validity threats.