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Journal Article 6.1. Whiteman-Sandland, J., Hawkins, J., & Clayton, D. (2018). The Role of Social Capital and Community Belongingness for Exercise Adherence: An Exploratory Study of the Crossfit Gym Model. Journal of Health Psychology, 23(12), 1545–1556. DOI: 10.1177/1359105316664132.

Learning Objectives: Distinguish between observational and causal research designs; Classify causal research designs as nonexperimental, experimental, or quasi-experimental; Assess strengths and weaknesses of a research design.

Summary: Uses a cross-sectional design to compare perceptions among members of a CrossFit gym and a traditional gym.

Journal Article 6.2. Watson, K. A., Gammon, D. G., Loomis, B. R., Juster, H. R., & Anker, E. (2018). Trends in Cigarette Advertising, Price-Reducing Promotions, and Policy Compliance in New York State Licensed Tobacco Retailers, 2004 to 2015. American Journal of Health Promotion, 32(8), 1679–1687. DOI: 10.1177/0890117118764852.

Learning Objectives: Distinguish between observational and causal research designs; Classify causal research designs as nonexperimental, experimental, or quasi-experimental; Assess strengths and weaknesses of a research design.

Summary: Reports a trend study that conducted annual surveys about tobacco advertising, promotions, and compliance with tobacco control policies by licensed tobacco retailers in New York State.

Journal Article 6.3. Morton, T. A., Wilson, N., Haslam, C., Birney, M., Kingston, R., & McCloskey, L. G. (2018). Activating and Guiding the Engagement of Seniors With Online Social Networking: Experimental Findings From the AGES 2.0 Project. Journal of Aging and Health, 30(1), 27–51. DOI: 10.1177/0898264316664440.

Learning Objectives: Classify causal research designs as nonexperimental, experimental, or quasi-experimental; Assess strengths and weaknesses of a research design; Apply design variations to enhance validity and efficiency.

Summary: Uses a factorial design with stratified random assignment in a randomized controlled trial.