Multiple choice quiz

Take the quiz to test your understanding of the key concepts covered in the chapter. Try testing yourself before you read the chapter to see where your strengths and weaknesses are, then test yourself again once you’ve read the chapter to see how well you’ve understood.

1. Unlike other primates, puberty in humans includes:

  1. hormonal changes
  2. a growth spurt
  3. achieving the capacity for sexual reproduction
  4. weight gain

Answer:

b. a growth spurt

2. The historical decrease in the average age at which menarche occurs in known as:

  1. the spiritual trend
  2. the secular trend
  3. the historical trend
  4. the menarcheal trend

Answer:

b. the secular trend

3. Some researchers have proposed that the gap between reproductive maturity and adult status for human teenagers appeared how many years ago?

  1. 100,000 years ago
  2. 10,000 years ago
  3. 1,000 years ago
  4. 200 years ago

Answer:

d. 200 years ago

4. During the teenage years, the brain:

  1. develops and changes very little
  2. grows and changes both in structure and function
  3. increases in overall volume
  4. develops, except in the frontal cortex

Answer:

b. grows and changes both in structure and function

5. Some psychologists attribute the risky behavior of adolescents to a mismatch between development of the prefrontal cortex and development of the limbic system. This is based on the fact that one of these two brain regions develops before the other. Which region develops first?

  1. the prefrontal cortex
  2. the cerebellum
  3. the limbic system
  4. in fact they develop at the same time

Answer:

c. the limbic system

6. The prefrontal cortex is involved in which psychological functions?

  1. rewards and incentives
  2. emotional responses
  3. monitoring and control
  4. sensorimotor reactions

Answer:

c. monitoring and control

7. In Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, the form of reasoning at one stage becomes the ___ at the next stage:

  1. structure
  2. process
  3. content
  4. dialectical opposite

Answer:

c. content

8. Formal operational reasoning involves all the following except one:

  1. hypothetical reasoning
  2. counterfactual reasoning
  3. dialectical reasoning
  4. metacognitive reasoning

Answer:

c. dialectical reasoning

9. What Piaget called formal operational reasoning was called what by Vygotsky?

  1. concrete operational reasoning
  2. lower psychological functions
  3. higher psychological functions
  4. postconventional reasoning

Answer:

c. higher psychological functions

10. In Vygotsky’s writings, conceptual thinking is linked to all the following except which?

  1. the distinction between the acting ‘I’ and the reflecting ‘I’
  2. the problems and developmental tasks that a society creates for adolescents
  3. participation in particular societal institutions
  4. gender differences

Answer:

d. gender differences