1. What are tertiary circular reactions?

1. practical kinds of experimentation
2. complex reflexes
3. signs of the attachment relationship
4. an evolved response

2. In which substage of the sensorimotor stage do tertiary circular reactions appear?

1. substage 1
2. substage 3
3. substage 5
4. substage 6

3. What did Piaget call infants in sensorimotor substage 5?

1. little scientists
2. little devils
3. little anthropologists
4. little explorers

4. Which one of these is not something that appears in substage 6 of sensorimotor intelligence?

1. deferred imitation
2. object permanence
3. pretend play
4. conservation of liquid

5. What is the best metaphor for language acquisition?

1. language is inherited
2. language is imitated
3. language is constructed
4. language is invented

6. Holophrastic speech consists of:

1. utterances of a single word
2. utterances of a whole phrase
3. two-word utterances
4. preverbal communication

7. Which of the following was not a basic function in the speech of Nigel at Phase 1?

1. instrumental
2. regulatory
3. interactional
4. personal
5. heuristic

8. In general, Western toddlers learn nouns before they learn verbs. Chinese children generally:

1. show the same pattern
2. learn verbs before nouns
3. learn both at the same rate
4. the Chinese language has neither nouns nor verbs

9. If ‘My ___’ is a pivot-open pattern used to describe a toddler’s speech, which of the following utterances would we expect to observe?

1. my ball
2. ball my
3. your ball
4. the ball

10. What was the aim of the first researchers on children’s language acquisition (such as Roger Brown)?

1. to write grammars of the syntax of children’s language
2. to understand toddlers’ nonverbal communication
3. to explore the cognitive consequences of language
4. to explain how deaf children learn sign language

11. What, as a consequence, did these first researchers study?

1. utterances of two words or more
2. primary intersubjectivity
3. holophrastic utterances
4. gestural communication

12. Words direct children’s attention to:

1. the shape of objects
2. the color of objects
3. the size of objects
4. all of the above

13. Vertical constructions are:

1. sequences of single-word utterances that together function as a complex utterance
2. utterances of two words or more produced in a social setting
3. when a child lacks conservation of height
4. proto-imperatives or proto-declaratives

14. Which of these is emphasized by a ‘usage-based’ account of language acquisition?

1. pragmatics
2. syntax
3. prepositions
4. a language acquisition device

15. At what age does there often begin a rapid growth in a child’s vocabulary?

1. 12 months
2. 18 months
3. 24 months
4. 30 months

16. In what activity do we see the toddler’s understanding of material representation?

1. drawing
2. walking
3. response to separation
4. reaction to affordances