Access to full-text SAGE journal articles that have been carefully selected to support and expand on the concepts presented in each chapter. Journal articles can act as an ideal resource to help support your assignments and studies.

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Article 1: Saltzman, L., Paternoster, R., Waldo, G., & Chiricos, T. (1982). Deterrent and experiential effects: The problem of causal order in perceptual deterrence research. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 19(2). 172-189. doi: 10.1177/002242788201900203

Questions to Consider:

1. What are the advantages to using a longitudinal study?
2. Was a deterrent effect established?
3. What are the implications of these findings?

Article 2: Tibbetts, S. G. (1997). Shame and rational choice in offending decisions. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 24 (2). 234-255. doi: 10.1177/0093854897024002006

Questions to Consider:

1. What was the research question of this article?
2. How did the author answer the proposed question?
3. What were the results? Importance?

Article 3: Fradella, H. (2000). Mandatory minimum sentences: Arizona's ineffective tool for the social control of driving under the influence. Criminal Justice Policy, 11(2). 113-135.

Questions to Consider:

1. What are formal and informal controls? How are they applied in this article?
2. What does this study examine?
3. What are the results? What do they mean for society?

Article 4: Braga, A. (2001). The effects of hot spots policing on crime. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 578(1). 104.125. doi: 10.1177/000271620157800107

Questions to Consider:

1. What is a hot spot?
2. Why would a police agency use this tool?
3. What were the findings and how did the author come to these conclusions?