Hammersley, M. (2011). Methodology: Who needs it? (Chapter 6). London: Sage. SAGE Research Methods doi:10.4135/9781446287941

In this very readable chapter, Martyn Hammersley examines both discovery (empiricist) and constructionist models of research and finds that neither is satisfactory. He argues, instead, for a model of understanding built transactionally and hermeneutically through which we derive potentially fallible constructions of a reality that exists apart from our knowledge of it.

Gannon, S., & Davies, B. (2006). Postmodern, poststructural, and critical theories. In S. Hesse-Biber (Ed.), Handbook of feminist research: Theory and praxis (pp. 71–106). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Gannon & Davies unpack the differences between critical theory, postmodernism, and poststructuralism, showing how they present challenges to objectivity, modes of writing which construct a view of the world, relations of power that are maintained through discourse, the constraining nature of binaries that are found in discourse, and offer 'deep skepticism toward assumed truths and taken-for-granted knowledges' (2006: 75) – all in the context of and with implications for feminist thinking and research.