1. What is the official diagnostic label for ‘depression’ in DSM 5?

1. Clinical depression
    
2. Recurrent depressive disorder
    
3. Major depressive disorder
    
4. Negative mood disorder

2. Which of the following is not a symptom of a manic episode?

1. Increased talkativeness
    
2. Chronic worry
    
3. Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
    
4. Marked sexual energy or sexual indiscretions

3 . According to an influential study by Caspi et al. (2003), polymorphisms of which type of genes can explain gene x environment interactions that trigger depression?

1. Dopamine
    
2. Noradrenalin
    
3. Glutamate
    
4. Serotonin

4. Which researcher is known for his studies on ‘learned helplessness’?

1. Seligman
    
2. Beck
    
3. Drevets
    
4. Caspi

5. According to reformulated learned helplessness theory, people with major depression make causal attributions about negative life events that have the following characteristics:

1. External, stable, and global
    
2. Internal, stable, and global
    
3. Internal, stable, and local
    
4. External, stable, and local

6. How do children acquire attributional styles from their parents?

1. Modelling
    
2. Parental feedback
    
3. Parenting style
    
4. All of the above

7. What did the Cognitive Vulnerability to Depression (CVD) project (Alloy et al., 1999) demonstrate?

1. A depressogenic cognitive style could be reactivated by negative mood induction in remitted depressed patients
    
2. Cognitive-behaviour therapy led to improvements in depressogenic cognitions, which in turn led to a reduction in depressive symptoms
    
3. People with a depressogenic cognitive style were more likely to become depressed later on
    
4. People who experienced traumatic life events were more likely to become depressed, regardless of their cognitive style

8. Which of the following drugs is not used an antidepressant?

1. Dopamine antagonists
    
2. Selective serotonin reupatake inhibitors
    
3. Tricyclics
    
4. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors

9. Approximately what percentage of depressed patients who take antidepressants report an improvement in mood?

1. 20%
    
2. 50%
    
3. 75%
    
4. 95%

10. Electro-convulsive therapy (ECT)…..

1. May improve mood more rapidly than antidepressants
    
2. Is not effective in patients with mood disorders
    
3. Should only be offered to patients with mild depression
    
4. Is less effective than mindfulness