Learning
Principles and Applications
Seventh Edition
SAGE Journal Articles
Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M. & Cuthbert, B. N. (1992). A motivational analysis of emotion: Reflex-cortex connections. Psychological Science, 3(1), 44-49.
Summary:
This study evaluates the extent to which motivation is involved in reflex reactions to emotional stimuli.
Questions:
- How does the psychobiological perspective define motivation?
- What is the reflex probe used in this study?
- How can an unconditioned stimulus become “a tool for probing the underlying motivational status of emotional expression?”
Williams, B. A. & McDevitt, M. A. (2002). Inhibition and superconditioning. Psychological Science, 13(5), 454-459.
Summary:
This study focuses on the use of a CS and US in the presence of a conditioned inhibitor to demonstrate superconditioning.
Questions:
- What is superconditioning?
- Outline the auto-shaping procedure.
- In what way, according to the authors, is superconditioning the opposite of blocking?