Chapter 19: Quantitative Data Analysis: Measures of Clinical Effectiveness

Quizzes give you the chance to test your knowledge through multiple choice questions, short answers, matching activities and other revision tools.

This multiple-choice quiz will help you to consolidate your understanding of the research process.  For each of the question select one or more of the answers you believe to be correct.

Statistics

  1. Deal with uncertainty and variation
  2. Are census data
  3. Can help establish what works by scientific means
  4. A and C

Answer: D

2. Outcome measures can be described as

  1. Discrete
  2. Continuous
  3. Risk ratios
  4. A and B

Answer: D

3. Three types of averages are

  1. 50%, 75% ,25%
  2. Mean, median , mode
  3. Quartile, percentile, quantile
  4. None of the above

Answer: B

4. To what term does the following description refer?

“The probability of an event occurring in an exposed group to the probability of the event occurring in a comparison, non-exposed group.”

  1. Relative risk
  2. Odds ratio
  3. Confidence interval
  4. Number needed to treat

Answer: A

5. A well conducted randomised trial comparing a superstatin with a placebo results in an odds ratio of 0.5 what does this mean?

  1. There is no difference between the groups
  2. The odds of death in the placebo group are 50% less than the superstatin group
  3. The odds of death in the superstatin group are 50% less than the placebo group
  4. More trials need to be done

Answer: C

6. If the trial comparing Superstatin to placebo stated “OR 0.5 95%CI 0.4-0.6”, what would it mean?

  1. The odds of death in the Superstatin arm are 50% less than in the placebo arm with the true population effect between 20% and 80%. 
  2. The odds of death in the Superstatin arm are 50% less than in the placebo arm with the true population effect between 60% and 40%. 
  3. The odds of death in the Superstatin arm are 50% less than in the placebo arm with the true population effect between 60% and up to 10% worse. 
  4. The odds of death in the Superstatin arm are 95% accurate

Answer: B

7. Which of the following P values suggests that there is a statistically significant difference between two groups?

  1. P>0.05
  2. P>0.50
  3. P>0.001
  4. A and C

Answer: D