1.  The main purpose of the conceptual framework is to link the theoretical and empirical elements of a research project.

1. True.
2. False.

2.  In a deductive study the conceptual framework is derived from:

1. The analysis of the empirical data.
2. The literature review.
3. Inductive reasoning.
4. None of the above is true.

3.  Which of the following would be regarded as the most abstract?

1. A concept.
2. A variable.
3. A construct.
4. An indicator.

4.  We can always measure concepts directly from the empirical data we collect.

1. True.
2. False.

5.  The two main types of variable in any research study are:

1. Dependent and intervening.
2. Dependent and moderating.
3. Dependent and independent.
4. Independent and moderating.

6.  The moderating variable is one created by the operation of an independent variable.

1. True.
2. False.

7.  A hypothesis that states there is no relationship between two variables would be a:

1. Null hypothesis.
2. Alternate hypothesis.
3. Correlational hypothesis.
4. None of the above.

8.  Any type of valid measurement scale should reflect the principles of:

1. The conditions of causality.
2. Mutual exclusivity and collective exhaustion.
3. Mutual exclusivity and collective difference.
4. All  of the above.

9.  Which of the following are types of validity?

1. Discriminant.
2. Face.
3. Content.
4. All of the above.

10.  Cronbach’s alpha coefficient can have a value between –1 and +1.

1. True.
2. False.