Individual exercises to help test your understanding and knowledge of key areas of text. Complete them to see your strengths and weaknesses.

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• Should the environment be considered in development? If so which aspects and why?
• Consider the case for fracking, what are the social, economic and environmental arguments for and against fracking? Further reading:
• http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/aug/19/fracks-figures-big-questions-hydraulic-fracturing
• http://eandt.theiet.org/magazine/2013/01/debate.cfm
   
• If a fracking site was proposed near your house what aspects/issues should be considered in an Environmental Impact Assessment?
• Should the obligations of business extend beyond making a profit? If so what obligations do business have to people and the wider environment?
• Can we express the value of nature in monetary terms? Further readings 
• http://content.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1970173,00.html
• http://whygreeneconomy.org/who-should-value-nature/
   
• How much is the world worth to us? Further readings:
• http://www.esd.ornl.gov/benefits_conference/nature_paper.pdf
• http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/06/how-much-are-the-worlds-ecosystems-worth/372862/

Web links:

Environmental Impact Assessments

• United Nations Guidance on EIA http://www.unep.ch/etb/publications/enviImpAsse.php
• Convention on Biological Diversity ? overview of EIA https://www.cbd.int/impact/whatis.shtm

Environmental Auditing

• International Institute for Sustainable Development ? guidance on business and sustainable development https://www.iisd.org/business/

Environmental Economics/Ecosystem Services

• Millennium Ecosystem Assessment ? global policy on valuing nature, wide range of reports and case studies http://www.unep.org/maweb/en/index.aspx
• TEEB ? the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity ? case studies and details of methods http://www.teebweb.org/
• IPBES ? searchable catalogue of ecosystem service assessments http://catalog.ipbes.net/