1. What part of a neuron is sometimes myelinated?

1. dendrite
2. axon
3. soma
4. axon hillock

2. Neurons are specialized to receive, conduct and transmit

1. electrochemical signals
2. action potentials
3. electrical signals
4. chemical signals

3. Most of a neuron’s DNA is contained within its

1. cytoplasm
2. axon
3. nucleus
4. endoplasmic reticulum

4. An adult brain contains roughly how many neurons?

1. 10 million
2. 10 billion
3. 100 million
4. 100 billion

5. A membrane potential is the difference in electrical charge between

1. potassium and sodium ions
2. the inside and outside of the cell
3. phosphoric acid and glycolipid layers
4. resting and action potentials    

6. A neuron fires when

1. there is an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
2. hyperpolarization occurs at the axon hillock
3. neurotransmitters dock onto receptor proteins
4. depolarization at the axon hillock exceeds the threshold for excitation

7. The end of the rising phase of an action potential occurs when the

1. potassium channels close
2. sodium channels close
3. potassium channels open
4. chloride channels open

8. Neurotransmitters are often stored in

1. synaptic buttons
2. microtubules
3. vesicles
4. endoplasmic reticulum

9. What effect does myelination have on axons?

1. it protects them from damage
2. it slows the propagation of signals along them
3. it prevents cross talk between adjacent axons
4. it allows them to conduct signals significantly faster

10. Interactions between neurons commonly occur across junctions called

1. synapses
2. juxtapositions
3. presynaptic membranes
4. postsynaptic membranes

11. Neurotransmitter release occurs through the process of

1. excitation
2. exocytosis
3. pinocytosis
4. synthesis

12. Once released, neurotransmitter molecules typically produce signals in postsynaptic neurons by

1. entering the postsynaptic neuron
2. attaching to vesicles
3. binding to presynaptic receptors
4. binding to postsynaptic receptors

13. After release, most neurotransmitters are deactivated by

1. reuptake
2. postsynaptic receptors
3. enzymes
4. buffered diffusion

14. The abbreviation 5-HT stands for

1. serotonin
2. dopamine
3. acetylcholine
4. tryptophan

15. Drugs that facilitate the activity of a synapse of a particular neurotransmitter are said to be ______ of that neurotransmitter.

1. agonists
2. antagonists
3. autoreceptors
4. endorphins

16. A substance that binds to a receptor is known as

1. a Carlsson mediator
2. a ligand
3. an anti-telharsic inhibitor
4. a gluon

17. Exogenous substances

1. originate within the body
2. are released via exocytosis
3. are natural neurotransmitters
4. originate outside the body

18. Microdialysis is a technique used to measure

1. action potentials
2. inhibitory postsynaptic potentials
3. neurotransmitters
4. brain waves

19. Antipsychotic drugs given for schizophrenia and psychosis are

1. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
2. acetylcholine agonists
3. postsynaptic dopamine antagonists
4. testosterone antagonists

20. A typical synaptic cleft is

1. 40 nm wide
2. 60 nm wide
3. 80 nm wide
4. 20 nm wide