Discuss the key aspects of Newell and Simon’s (1972) theory of problem-solving, including means–ends analysis, goal orientation and operator constraints.

Describe insight problem-solving and how representational change theory (Knoblich et al., 1999, 2001) accounts for it.

With reference to the base rate fallacy and the availability heuristic, explain why we are often not very good at probabilistic reasoning in everyday situations.

In deductive reasoning using syllogisms, how do the familiarity of the items, the ‘figure’ and the ‘mood’ affect our ability to interpret them correctly?

Using experimental studies, describe the evidence for ‘confirmation bias’?