1. Which of the following statements is compatible with how cross-cultural psychology views culture?

1. that it is a fixed system of beliefs, meanings and symbols that belong to a group of people who speak a common language
2. that is a developmental and dynamic system of signs that exists in continuously changing narratives or stories
3. that it is irrelevant to the way individuals and communities interact
4. none of these

2. Kleinman (1980) distinguished between the overlapping sectors of any health care system. Which of the following refers to the non-professional, non-bureaucratic, specialist sector in health care?

1. popular sector
2. professional sector
3. folk sector
4. all of these

3. Which of the following provided an expert health belief system which is equated health in terms of the balance of four bodily fluids?

1. Galenic medicine
2. herbal medicine
3. Ayurvedic medicine
4. none of these

4. Which philosopher was central to the conceptualization of human beings as composed of mind and body?

1. John Locke
2. Plato
3. Rene Descartes
4. Confucius

5. Which of the following refers to the health system which identifies the cause of agreed diseases and symptoms as lying in certain physiological processes and thus separates the person from the body?

1. biomedicine
2. biopsychosocial model
3. Taoism
4. none of these

6. The social representation theory was popularized by which social scientist?

1. Serge Moscovici
2. Karl Marx
3. Sigmund Freud
4. Henri Tajfel

7. According to the Taoists beliefs, which of the following represents the male, positive energy in the universe?

1. yin
2. yang
3. both yin and yang
4. neither yin nor yang

8. Which of the following statements is correct about Confucianism?

1. It conceptualizes human suffering as traditionally explained by destiny.
2. It believes that all things are determined by fate and one should accept what is conferred.
3. It believes that an important part of a person’s destiny is dependent upon the person’s horoscope.
4. all of these

9. Buddhist beliefs are also reflected in Chinese medical belief systems. An important concept is pao, which has two types: ______.

1. yin and yang
2. karma and kindness
3. reciprocity and retribution
4. none of these

10. Which philosophy views the universe as a vast and indivisible entity and each being as a definite function within it?

1. Taoism
2. Buddhism
3. Confucianism
4. none of these