Prepare for exams and future essays with the questions below that align with key concepts discussed in the chapter. Try timing yourself as you write to practise in a mock exam environment. Create mindmaps of key themes, quotes and arguments you could include in an answer to use as a revision tool.

1. People from BME (Black and Minority Ethnic) backgrounds continue to be disproportionately over-represented in the Criminal Justice System in the UK. Discuss 
    
2. The vast majority of offenders internationally are men. What do we know about female offenders?
    
3. Institutional racism persists in the UK. Discuss
    
4. Examine the links between class, poverty and crime. Is class, or poverty, a predictor of offending?
    
5. Research consistently reveals high levels of mental health problems among offending populations. With that in mind, do most offenders need treatment rather than punishment?